THE CURRENT STATE OF METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY OF RAILWAY WHEELS

Authors

  • G. A. FILIPPOV Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy named after I. P. Bardin, Russia, Moscow Author
  • E. YU. NARUSOVA Russian University of Transport (RUT (MIIT)), Russia, Moscow Author
  • R. A. BOGOSLOVSKII Russian University of Transport (RUT (MIIT)), Russia, Moscow Author
  • N. O. LIVANOVA Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy named after I. P. Bardin, Russia, Moscow Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2026-6-5-17

Keywords:

railway wheels, wheel–rail system, operational reliability, microalloying, surface hardening

Abstract

The article examines the current problem of ensuring the reliability and safety of railway transport, provides an analysis of the state and an analytical review of modern research in the field of metallurgy of wheel steels and interaction processes in the wheel–rail system, methods for improving the mechanical properties and increasing the operational reliability of railway wheels. The interaction of the elements in the wheel–rail system has been examined as a key link in load transmission. It also acts as a factor ensuring the safety and efficiency of railway transportation under conditions of increasing loads and higher rejection rates of wheels for current uncoupling repairs, followed by wagon downtime. In addition, the key factors determining the choice of material for railway wheels have been considered. The main types of contact fatigue defects have been analysed. The features of the structure and defect formation, determined both by the initial chemical composition of the steel and by the technologies of smelting, modification, microalloying, and thermomechanical processing, have been studied. It has been established that structural contact-fatigue defects that arise under combined friction mechanisms, cyclic loads and increased stress concentrations at the boundaries of inclusions are particularly dangerous. The influence of differences in the production technology of railway wheels and rails from continuously cast billets on the formation of structural heterogeneity and properties of the finished product is analysed. The main causes of failures of car wheel pairs associated with wear, contact-fatigue damage and brittle fracture are shown. The main ways to increase the operational reliability of railway wheels include improving the metallurgical quality of steel: reducing segregation, the number of brittle inclusions, and gas saturation, as well as using modern complex microalloying and modification systems. Additionally, it is important to monitor the kinetics of phase transformations during heat and mechanical treatment, develop methods of local hardening, and introduce digital models for assessing service life and predicting the occurrence of defects.

Author Biographies

  • G. A. FILIPPOV , Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy named after I. P. Bardin, Russia, Moscow

    Director of the Scientific Center for High-Quality Steels

  • E. YU. NARUSOVA, Russian University of Transport (RUT (MIIT)), Russia, Moscow

    PhD (Tech.), Acting Head of the Department of Safety Management in the Technosphere

  • R. A. BOGOSLOVSKII, Russian University of Transport (RUT (MIIT)), Russia, Moscow

    Assistant of the Department of Safety Management in the Technosphere

  • N. O. LIVANOVA , Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy named after I. P. Bardin, Russia, Moscow

    PhD (Tech.), Senior Researcher at the Scientific Center for High-Quality Steels

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Published

2026-08-10

Issue

Section

Металловедение и термическая обработка

How to Cite

THE CURRENT STATE OF METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY OF RAILWAY WHEELS. (2026). Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information, 82(6), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2026-6-5-17